Although cerebral palsy is non-progressive, its effects can change with age, often leading to increased stiffness, fatigue, pain, or reduced mobility. Goals must be individualised, therapy plans specifically tailored and adapted to the person’s age, cognitive ability, environment and priorities.

For adults who are able to walk, independently or with an aid, physiotherapy aims to:

• Maintain and improve walking ability – efficiency, speed, and endurance
• Build strength and cardiovascular fitness – especially lower limbs and core, encourage participation in exercise class/gym
• Improve balance and coordination – reduce risk of trips and falls
• Manage pain and fatigue – particularly for adults experiencing increased effort in daily tasks
• Reduce spasticity and stiffness – through stretching and movement strategies
• Prevent functional decline – maintain independence as demands increase with age
• Support use of mobility aids if needed – e.g. sticks, zimmer frame, wheelchairs for longer distances
• Enable participation in work, exercise, and community life – adaptations made as appropriate

For individuals with more complex physical needs, limited mobility and often wheelchair users, physiotherapy aims to:

• Optimise comfort and quality of life – reduce pain and discomfort
• Support posture and positioning – in seating, lying, and daily activities
• Prevent complications – contractures, pressure sores, and deformities
• Manage spasticity and stiffness
• Support safe transfers and handling – for carers and support staff
• Promote respiratory health – positioning and breathing support if needed
• Enable participation and interaction in work, exercise and community life